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Compare Norfolk Island (2002) - New Caledonia (2004)
Compare Norfolk Island (2002) z New Caledonia (2004)
| Norfolk Island (2002) | New Caledonia (2004) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (territory of Australia) | none (overseas territory of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 3 provinces named Iles Loyaute, Nord, and Sud |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 20.2%
15-64 years: 63.9% 65 years and over: 15.9% (1996) |
0-14 years: 29.4% (male 32,076; female 30,772)
15-64 years: 64.3% (male 69,150; female 68,310) 65 years and over: 6.3% (male 6,259; female 7,112) (2004 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | Norfolk Island pine seed, Kentia palm seed, cereals, vegetables, fruit; cattle, poultry | vegetables; beef, deer, other livestock products |
| Airports | 1 (2001) | 25 (2003 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002) |
total: 11
over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 8 under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | - | total: 14
914 to 1,523 m: 8 under 914 m: 6 (2004 est.) |
| Area | total: 34.6 sq km
land: 34.6 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 19,060 sq km
land: 18,575 sq km water: 485 sq km |
| Area - comparative | about 0.2 times the size of Washington, DC | slightly smaller than New Jersey |
| Background | Two British attempts at establishing the island as a penal colony (1788-1814 and 1825-55) were ultimately abandoned. In 1856, the island was resettled by Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the Bounty mutineers and their Tahitian companions. | Settled by both Britain and France during the first half of the 19th century, the island was made a French possession in 1853. It served as a penal colony for four decades after 1864. Agitation for independence during the 1980s and early 1990s has dissipated. |
| Birth rate | NA births/1,000 population | 18.98 births/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $4.6 million
expenditures: $4.8 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY92/93) |
revenues: $861.3 million
expenditures: $735.3 million, including capital expenditures of $52 million (1996 est.) |
| Capital | Kingston | Noumea |
| Climate | subtropical, mild, little seasonal temperature variation | tropical; modified by southeast trade winds; hot, humid |
| Coastline | 32 km | 2,254 km |
| Constitution | Norfolk Island Act of 1979 | 28 September 1958 (French Constitution) |
| Country name | conventional long form: Territory of Norfolk Island
conventional short form: Norfolk Island |
conventional long form: Territory of New Caledonia and Dependencies
conventional short form: New Caledonia local long form: Territoire des Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances local short form: Nouvelle-Caledonie |
| Currency | Australian dollar (AUD) | Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (XPF); note - may adopt the euro in 2003 |
| Death rate | NA deaths/1,000 population | 5.64 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Debt - external | $NA | $79 million (1998 est.) |
| Dependency status | territory of Australia; Canberra administers Commonwealth responsibilities on Norfolk Island through the Department of Environment, Sport, and Territories | overseas territory of France since 1956 |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (territory of Australia) | none (overseas territory of France) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (territory of Australia) | none (overseas territory of France) |
| Disputes - international | none | Matthew and Hunter Islands east of New Caledonia claimed by France and Vanuatu |
| Economic aid - recipient | $NA | $880 million annual subsidy from France (1998) |
| Economy - overview | Tourism, the primary economic activity, has steadily increased over the years and has brought a level of prosperity unusual among inhabitants of the Pacific islands. The agricultural sector has become self-sufficient in the production of beef, poultry, and eggs. | New Caledonia has about 25% of the world's known nickel resources. Only a small amount of the land is suitable for cultivation, and food accounts for about 20% of imports. In addition to nickel, substantial financial support from France - equal to more than one-fourth of GDP - and tourism are keys to the health of the economy. Substantial new investment in the nickel industry, combined with the recovery of global nickel prices, brightens the economic outlook for the next several years. |
| Electricity - consumption | NA kWh | 1.5 billion kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - exports | - | 0 kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - imports | - | 0 kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - production | NA kWh | 1.613 billion kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel: NA%
hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA% |
- |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mount Bates 319 m |
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mont Panie 1,628 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA | erosion caused by mining exploitation and forest fires |
| Ethnic groups | descendants of the Bounty mutineers, Australian, New Zealander, Polynesians | Melanesian 42.5%, European 37.1%, Wallisian 8.4%, Polynesian 3.8%, Indonesian 3.6%, Vietnamese 1.6%, other 3% |
| Exchange rates | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.9354 (January 2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998), 1.3439 (1997) | Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (XPF) per US dollar - 105.73 (2003), 126.72 (2002), 133.26 (2001), 129.44 (2000), 111.93 (1999) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and Australia are represented by Administrator Anthony J. MESSNER (since 4 August 1997)
head of government: Assembly President and Chief Minister Geoffrey Robert GARDNER (since 5 December 2001) cabinet: Executive Council is made up of four of the nine members of the Legislative Assembly; the council devises government policy and acts as an advisor to the administrator elections: the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia; chief minister elected by the Legislative Assembly for a term of not more than three years; election last held 29 November 2001 (next to be held by December 2004) election results: Geoffrey Robert GARDNER elected chief minister; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - NA% |
chief of state: President of France Jacques CHIRAC (since 17 May 1995), represented by High Commissioner Daniel CONSTANTIN (since 3 July 2002)
head of government: President of the Government Marie-Noelle THEMEREAU (since 10 June 2004) cabinet: Consultative Committee elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the government elected by the members of the Territorial Congress; note - last election held 29 June 2004 when Marie-Noelle THEMEREAU was elected on the third vote with 8 votes for and 3 abstentions |
| Exports | $1.5 million f.o.b. (FY91/92) | NA (2001) |
| Exports - commodities | postage stamps, seeds of the Norfolk Island pine and Kentia palm, small quantities of avocados | ferronickels, nickel ore, fish |
| Exports - partners | Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe | Japan 21.8%, France 19.2%, Taiwan 14%, Spain 11%, South Korea 8.5%, Australia 7.2%, Italy 5.1% (2003) |
| Fiscal year | 1 July - 30 June | calendar year |
| Flag description | three vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green with a large green Norfolk Island pine tree centered in the slightly wider white band | the flag of France is used |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $NA | purchasing power parity - $3.158 billion (2003 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
agriculture: 5%
industry: 30% services: 65% (1997 est.) |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $NA | purchasing power parity - $15,000 (2001 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | NA% | NA |
| Geographic coordinates | 29 02 S, 167 57 E | 21 30 S, 165 30 E |
| Geography - note | most of the 32-km coastline consists of almost inaccessible cliffs, but the land slopes down to the sea in one small southern area on Sydney Bay, where the capital of Kingston is situated | consists of the main island of New Caledonia (one of the largest in the Pacific Ocean), the archipelago of Iles Loyaute, and numerous small, sparsely populated islands and atolls |
| Heliports | - | 6 (2003 est.) |
| Highways | total: 80 km
paved: 53 km unpaved: 27 km (2001) |
total: 4,825 km
paved: 2,287 km unpaved: 2,538 km (1999) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
| Imports | $17.9 million c.i.f. (FY91/92) | NA (2001) |
| Imports - commodities | NA | machinery and equipment, fuels, chemicals, foodstuffs |
| Imports - partners | Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe | France 46.1%, Australia 9.5%, Singapore 9.3%, New Zealand 4.3% (2003) |
| Independence | none (territory of Australia) | none (overseas territory of France); note - a referendum on independence was held in 1998 but did not pass; a new referendum is scheduled for 2014 |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | -0.6% (1996) |
| Industries | tourism | nickel mining and smelting |
| Infant mortality rate | NA deaths/1,000 live births | total: 7.89 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 8.59 deaths/1,000 live births female: 7.14 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | NA% | -0.6% (2000 est.) |
| International organization participation | none | FZ, ICFTU, PIF (observer), UPU, WFTU, WMO |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 2 (2000) | - |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | 160 sq km (1991) |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court; Court of Petty Sessions | Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; County Courts; Joint Commerce Tribunal Court; Children's Court |
| Labor force | NA | 79,400 (including 15,018 unemployed, 1996) |
| Labor force - by occupation | tourism NA%, subsistence agriculture NA% | agriculture 7%, industry 23%, services 70% (1999 est.) |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.) |
arable land: 0.38%
permanent crops: 0.33% other: 99.29% (2001) |
| Languages | English (official), Norfolk a mixture of 18th century English and ancient Tahitian | French (official), 33 Melanesian-Polynesian dialects |
| Legal system | based on the laws of Australia, local ordinances and acts; English common law applies in matters not covered by either Australian or Norfolk Island law | the 1988 Matignon Accords grant substantial autonomy to the islands; formerly under French law |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Legislative Assembly (9 seats; members elected by electors who have nine equal votes each but only four votes can be given to any one candidate; members serve three-year terms)
elections: last held 29 November 2001 (next to be held by December 2004) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9 |
unicameral Territorial Congress or Congres Territorial (54 seats; members are members of the three Provincial Assemblies or Assemblees Provinciales elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 9 May 2004 (next to be held NA 2009) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - RPCR-UMP 16, AE 16, UNI-FLNKS 8, UE 7, FN 4, others 3 note: New Caledonia currently holds 1 seat in the French Senate; elections last held 24 September 2001 (next to be held not later than September 2007; between now and 2010 New Caledonia will gain a second seat in the French Senate); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; New Caledonia also elects 2 seats to the French National Assembly; elections last held 9 and 16 June 2002 (next to be held by June 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 2 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: NA years
male: NA years female: NA years |
total population: 73.78 years
male: 70.82 years female: 76.89 years (2004 est.) |
| Literacy | NA | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 91% male: 92% female: 90% (1976 est.) |
| Location | Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia | Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia |
| Map references | Oceania | Oceania |
| Maritime claims | exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
| Merchant marine | none (2002 est.) | total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 1,261 GRT/1,600 DWT
by type: cargo 1 foreign-owned: Malaysia 1 registered in other countries: 1 (2004 est.) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of Australia | defense is the responsibility of France |
| Military branches | - | no regular indigenous military forces; French Armed Forces (including Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie); Police Force |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | - | NA |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | - | NA |
| National holiday | Pitcairners Arrival Day, 8 June (1856) | Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) |
| Nationality | noun: Norfolk Islander(s)
adjective: Norfolk Islander(s) |
noun: New Caledonian(s)
adjective: New Caledonian |
| Natural hazards | typhoons (especially May to July) | cyclones, most frequent from November to March |
| Natural resources | fish | nickel, chrome, iron, cobalt, manganese, silver, gold, lead, copper |
| Net migration rate | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | none | Alliance pour la Caledonie or APLC [Didier LE ROUX]; Caleonian Union or UC [leader NA]; Federation des Comites de Coordination des Independantistes or FCCI [Francois BURCK]; Front National or FN [Guy GEORGE]; Front Uni de Liberation Kanak or FULK [Ernest UNE]; Kanak Socialist Front for National Liberation or FLNKS [leader NA] (includes PALIKA, UNI, UC, and UPM); Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA [Paul NEAOUTYINE and Elie POIGOUNE]; Rally for Caledonia in the Republic (anti independent) or RPCR-UMP [Jacques LAFLEUR]; The Future Together or AE [Harold MARTIN]; Union Nationale pour l'Independance or UNI [Paul NEAOUTYINE]; note - may no longer exist, but Paul NEAOUTYINE has since become a president of Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA; Union Progressiste Melanesienne or UPM [Victor TUTUGORO] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | none | NA |
| Population | 1,866 (July 2002 est.) | 213,679 (July 2004 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA |
| Population growth rate | -0.69% (2002 est.) | 1.33% (2004 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | none; loading jetties at Kingston and Cascade | Mueo, Noumea, Thio |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | 2,500 (1996) | - |
| Railways | 0 km | - |
| Religions | Anglican 37.4%, Uniting Church in Australia 14.5%, Roman Catholic 11.5%, Seventh-Day Adventist 3.1%, none 12.2%, unknown 17.4%, other 3.9% (1996) | Roman Catholic 60%, Protestant 30%, other 10% |
| Sex ratio | at birth: NA male(s)/female
under 15 years: NA male(s)/female 15-64 years: NA male(s)/female 65 years and over: NA male(s)/female total population: NA male(s)/female |
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.88 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2004 est.) |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment: adequate
domestic: NA international: radiotelephone service with Sydney (Australia) |
general assessment: NA
domestic: NA international: country code - 687; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 1,087 (1983) | 52,000 (2002) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 0 (1983) | 80,000 (2002) |
| Television broadcast stations | 1 (local programming station plus two repeaters that bring in Australian programs by satellite) (1998) | 6 (plus 25 low-power repeaters) (1997) |
| Terrain | volcanic formation with mostly rolling plains | coastal plains with interior mountains |
| Total fertility rate | NA children born/woman | 2.35 children born/woman (2004 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | NA% | 19% (1996) |
| Waterways | none | - |
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